Analysis Of The Boy In The Striped Pajamas - 1235 Words

The Boy in the Striped Pajamas, is a novel that explores how dreadful and evil the Holocaust was through the eyes of an innocent child. Boyne understands that for the readers to truly understand the horror of Holocaust, it has to be told through the eyes of someone who has lived through it. The protagonist, Bruno, is ignorant of what horrifying events are going on around him at the time, but becomes friends with a boy on the other side of the fence of a concentration camp called â€Å"Out-With† which is based on the real life Auschwitz. With a strong friendship, lack of knowledge, and irony, childlike innocence is revealed throughout the story, The Boy in the Striped Pajamas by John Boyne. The friendship between Bruno and Shmuel is explained†¦show more content†¦Bruno once saw people getting forced into a truck and naively wondered where they were going and why they were getting forced. Bruno’s family moved from Berlin to Out-With because of Bruno’s father’s work. Bruno looked out of the window at his new house and saw his dad walk to the other side of the fence. Bruno thought it was a farm and wondered why some people wore striped pajamas and some a uniform. Out of curiosity, he started to explore and met a boy on the other side of the fence and began to meet with him almost everyday. He learnt that the people wearing pajamas were scared of the people wearing a uniform because they were always yelling. Bruno noticed his dad wore a uniform but thought he could never be a bad soldier, but Shmuel thought otherwise, â€Å"‘There aren’t any good soldiers,’ said Shmuel’† (P.140). Bruno has a biased opinion abou t his father because he trusted him. Bruno does not understand certain things about the Holocaust and he did not know that during the Holocaust there were no nice Nazi soldiers. Bruno and Shmuel had similarities, and when Bruno shaved his head, they looked almost identical except that Shmuel was bruised, very skinny and always sad, â€Å"Bruno was sure that he had never seen a skinnier or sadder boy in his life.† (P.107) Bruno could not understand why, as he did not understand what kind of life Shmuel lived on the other side of the fence. Bruno was ignorant about the Holocaust and whenShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Boy In The Striped Pajamas1659 Words   |  7 Pagesthat stands out the most is The Boy in the Striped Pajamas.   Made in 2008, The Boy in the Striped Pajamas, is a Holocaust movie filmed from the frame of reference of an eight-year-old boy.   The director-writer, Mark Herman took the story of two boys, written by John Boyne, and developed a masterpiece (The Boy in).   With the use of these two boys, Mark Herman takes the divide of cultural bias and economic injustices and links them together.   The Boy in the Striped Pajamas is an accomplished film madeRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Boy Of The Striped Pajamas 2429 Words   |  10 PagesLiterature March 30, 2015 The Boy in the Striped Pajamas Introduction ​Most people view the Holocaust as one of the worst things that has ever happened in human history. It’s very difficult to argue this belief. Not only were millions of people killed in battle, but millions were killed outside of battle. After his murder of over six million Jews, Adolf Hitler became regarded as one of the most hated and evil people in the world, and still is today. The Boy in the Striped Pajamas is a novel based on thisRead MoreThe Boy In The Striped Pajamas Analysis778 Words   |  4 Pagesseventh grade essay on The Boy in the Striped Pajamas. Contradictory to previous statistics of estimated 13 million, the Washington’s Holocaust Memorial Museum revealed that the Nazi terror claimed around 20 million lives in the zone of the conflict. â€Å"Of course, all this happened a long time ago and nothing like that could ever happen again, not in this day and age† (Boyne 216). With this ironic remark, John Boyne closes his narrative of â€Å"The Boy in the Striped Pajamas†. It tells the story of theRead MoreThe Boy In The Striped Pajamas Analysis884 Words   |  4 PagesThe Boy in The Striped Pajamas The holocaust lasted for 12 years, this was a mass genocide when the Germans didn’t think the Jewish deserved to live so in 1933 they started to torture them, make them do things for the Germans such as house chores but if something went wrong with what they did they were in trouble, they were either killed on the spot or tortured till they died. The Holocaust is a time when the Germans thought that the Jewish weren’t people at all and they didn’t deserve to be treatedRead MoreAnalysis Of Brunos The Boy In The Striped Pajamas778 Words   |  4 Pageswere removed from schools, couldn’t be in the military, and couldn’t even sit on the same bench as a non-Jew (historyplace.com). In The Boy in the Striped Pajamas, it was good that Bruno was naive because it caused him to become friends with Shmuel, and he didn’t see any bad differences in him and wasnt influenced to hate him. In The Boy in the Striped Pajamas, it was good that Bruno was naive because caused him to become friends with Shmuel. Bruno was naive he went over to the fence out of curiosityRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Boy s The Striped Pajamas 1035 Words   |  5 PagesLiterary analysis report, of the book â€Å"The Boy in the Striped Pajamas†, I will be breaking down the story. Starting with the beginning introducing the main protagonist and antagonist of the movie. Then introducing the main conflict and how the protagonist tried to fix this problem, and how it was solved. The final paragraph will break down the movie even further by explaining symbols, showing what they mean, and how this movie depicted the real world. To start off, The movie â€Å"The boy in the striped pajamas†Read MoreFilm Analysis Of The Boy In The Striped Pajamas1611 Words   |  7 Pagesthe attention of viewers and critics to show whether it is worthy of praise: a plot that grabs and holds attention, characters that have depth and are relatable, and a strategic use of humor to keep it from straying into a documentary. The Boy in the Striped Pajamas, has a choppy but haunting plot with shallow characters by design, and attracted favorable reviews from critics and fans alike. Also a historical fictionalization of the Holocaust, La vita e bella, or Life is Beautiful is a tragi-comedyRead MoreAnalysis Of Bruno In The Boy In Striped Pajamas881 Words   |  4 PagesHolocaust Auschwitz. The concentration camp where the most people were killed, too be exact, six million. In the novel The Boy In Striped Pajamas the main character is Bruno. Bruno is a nine year old German boy who is very naive about the Holocaust, Jews, and what happened to the Jews. The Holocaust was a depressing time in Europe for the Jewish. A group of people called the Nazi’s killed Jews because of one man who blamed the Jews for Germanys problems. That man was Adolf Hitler. Hitler put allRead MoreAnalysis Of Life Is Beautiful And The Boy In The Striped Pajamas1730 Words   |  7 PagesAn Examination of Life is Beautiful and The Boy in the Striped Pajamas When watching historical fiction, there are certain features that will grab the attention of viewers and critics to show whether it is worthy of praise: a plot that grabs and holds attention, characters that have depth and are relatable, and a strategic use of humor to keep it from straying into a documentary. The Boy in the Striped Pajamas, has a choppy but haunting plot with shallow characters by design, and attracted favorableRead MoreAn Analysis Of John Boyne s The Boy s The Striped Pajamas 1503 Words   |  7 PagesTitle: The Boy in the Striped Pajamas Author: John Boyne Publication Date: January 5, 2006 I chose this book because (respond in at least 2 sentences): I have watched the movie many times and I always wanted to know which was better and what the difference between the book and the film. Connecting with Character: Protagonist Bruno How do you relate to this character? Similarities Differences Beginning: Bruno wanted to meet Shmuel and become friends with him at first sight; He wanted to play

Cause and Effects of the Great Depression - 4210 Words

The Causes and Effects of The Great Depression In America Few Americans in the first months of 1929 saw any reason to question the strength and stability of the nations economy. Most agreed with their new president that the booming prosperity of the years just past would not only continue but increase, and that dramatic social progress would follow in its wake. We in America today, Herbert Hoover had proclaimed in August 1928, are nearer to the final triumph over poverty than ever before in the history of any land. The poorhouse is vanishing from among us.1 In mid-October, 1929, the average middle-class American saw ahead of him an illimitable vista of prosperity. The newly inaugurated president, Herbert Hoover, had†¦show more content†¦M. Barker, cupidity turned into unreasoning, emotional, universal fear†.9 The misery of the Great Depression was, then, without precedent in the nations history.10 The most searing legacy of the depression was unemployment, which mounted steadily from the relatively low levels experience d between 1922 and 1929. The percentage of the civilian labor force without work rose from 3.2 in 1929 to 8.7 in 1930, and reached a peak of 24.9 in 1933. The estimates of unemployment amongst non-farm employees, which include the self-employed and unpaid family workers are even higher. These are horrifying figures: millions of American families were left without a bread-winner and faced the very real possibility of destitution.11 Within a few months after the stock market collapse of October 1929, unemployment had catapulted from its status of a vague worry into the position of one of the countrys foremost preoccupations. Unemployment increased steadily, with only a few temporary setbacks, from the fall of 1929 to the spring of 1933. Even a cursory reference to the several existing estimates of unemployment will amply show the rapidity with which unemployment established itself as an economic factor of the first order of importance.12 By 1932, a quarter of the civilian labor force was unemployed and the number was still rising. State and local relief agencies lacked sufficient funds to meet the demands of families for bare sustenance. Discouraged by continualShow MoreRelatedThe Cause and Effects of the Great Depression Essay1443 Words   |  6 Pagescrash of 1929 was the main cause of The Great Depression. In fact, The Great Depression was caused by a series of factors, and the effects of the depression were felt for many years after the stock market crash of 1929. By looking at the stock market crash of 1929, bank failures, reduction of purchasing, American economic policy with Europe, and drought conditions, it becomes apparent that The Great Depression was caused by more than just the stock market crash. The effects were detrimental beyond theRead MoreCauses and Effects of The Great Depression in the United States1238 Words   |  5 PagesThe Great Depression is a defining moment in time for not only American, but world history. This was a time t hat caused political, economical, and social unrest. Not only did the Great Depression cause a world wide panic, it also caused a world wide crisis unlike any before it. This paper will analyze both the causes and the effects of the Great Depression in the United States of America. One cause of the depression is the effects of World War One. World War one had many devastating effects on countriesRead MoreThe Great Depression Of The 1930s Essay1689 Words   |  7 PagesGlobal Crisis of 2008 in Comparison to the Great Depression of the 1930s Introduction The economic crisis’ of the 1930s and 2000s greatly impacted the United Sates (U.S) and the world. The Great Depression and Global Crisis were both major economic crisis’s the originated in the United States and spread to foreign markets around the world. The Great Depression is regarded as the biggest economic downturn, due to many factors like the stock market crash. The Global Crisis on the other hand, was aRead MoreThe Causes of Canadas Great Depression of 1929-1939 Essay1679 Words   |  7 Pagesclosest to him heard. â€Å"It’s all gone.†# The term ‘Great Depression’ according to Kristin Brennan evokes black-and-white images of thin men in threadbare suits and worn-out shoes selling five-cent apples on city streets, of â€Å"grim-faced women lined up three deep to collect bread and milk at relief stations.†# The Great Depression of the 1930s was a devastating time toward many Canadians, where the collapse of the stock market was t he beginning of the Depression, a period of severe economic and social hardshipRead MoreDepression Essay : Depression : The Causes Of Depression893 Words   |  4 PagesDepression Depression affects many people in today’s society for a number of reasons. Depression is a serious disorder, numerous people are affected by it. However, there are places to go that give help that people with depression need. To begin, depression is a disorder that affects a great deal of people. According to Mayo Clinic, â€Å"Depression is a mood disorder that causes a persistent feeling of sadness and loss of interest† (â€Å"Overview,† n.d.). There are many causes to why people have depressionRead MoreMajor Depression And Its Effects On Social Involvement1565 Words   |  7 PagesMajor Depression Depression is one of the most common therapeutic topics. There are many effects that lead to major depression and thus require distinctive therapy methods. It is a mood disorder that is associated with the body, emotions and thoughts (Hoeksema and rector, 2011). In order for a person to be diagnosed with major depression, they must show at least 4 symptoms from any of the 4 categories; such as mood changes, cognitive changes, physical changes, and behavior changes; and must haveRead MoreCauses of The Great Depression Essay701 Words   |  3 Pages Imagine a society where over 25% of the population was unemployed. That is what it reached during The Great Depression (â€Å"The Great Depression†). During the depression unemployment rates were the highest they have ever been. It is highly speculated to this day on what exactly caused The Great Depression. Most historians agree it was a chain of events, one after another, that brought our country into chaos. Some events were more impactful than others. These events caused pandemonium amongRead MoreDepression : Cause, Causes And Effects Of Depression1116 Words   |  5 Pagessweating and dizziness. Anxiety may cause physical exhaustion and general ill health. Effects of depression When someone is found in such a condition the primary effects observed are the various signs and symptoms caused by a particular situation, thought, physical state, emotions or actions which brought about the depression. The effects of depression are mostly observed in the physical state as the symptoms portrays on the person who is in a depressed state. Depression can result into condition whichRead MoreExploring Causes of The Great Depression Essay522 Words   |  3 PagesExploring Causes of The Great Depression Introduction The Wall Street crash of 29 Oct 1929 and the Great Depression that followed were such a shock to most Americans that some early attempts to explain their causes blamed sunspot activity or medieval prophecy. A few held it to be divine retribution on a people who had indulged themselves in a decade of hedonism after World War I and were due for a sobering experience. Others recognized that the 1920s had brought Read MoreThe Great Depression : The Fall Of A Nation1701 Words   |  7 PagesCollin Brunton Ms. Biondi English II 3 March 2015 The Great Depression: The Fall of a Nation The Great Depression was a hard time for America. The name fits like a glove because it was, in fact a depression. The Great Depression was crucial to American history because it changed every aspect of American life, revealed how big a power America was, and it established multiple government agencies around the world to make sure something like it never happens again. The economy was at a highpoint

Negligence of Governing Factors †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Negligence of Governing Factors. Answer: Introduction There are five elements which results in the formation of a contract. The same are offer, acceptance, consideration, capacity of the parties and the consideration to support the contract and to make it enforceable[1]. When a valid contract is made amid the parties, then, the parties are obligated to fulfill the terms of the contract. If any of the parties to the contract does not comply with the contract terms, then, such action is regarded as the breach of the contract. Once a breach is incurred then the defaulting party must face the consequences that are established by the parties in the contract.[2] But, there are situations wherein the parties desire to limit or restrict their obligations which might occur because of the breach of their respective obligations. This can be done by availing the benefits of exemption/exclusion clauses. But, there are rules which are framed for the incorporation of an exclusion clause and to make it valid. Thus, it is important to first understand the very basic meaning of an exclusion clause. When the parties try to limit, exclude or transfer the liability of the party which is established under the contract, then, the same can be done by availing the benefits of exclusion clauses. Initially, the concept of exclusion clauses were not treated in a very friendly manner, rather, the approach of the courts was very hostile in nature and special rules were made regarding its validity. But, with the coming of the leading case of Darlington Futures Ltd v Delco Australia Pty Ltd[3], the exclusion clause is now considered and treated in an ordinary context considering the contract as a whole.[4] Basically, when the parties try to exclude or limit the liability of one of the party to the contract with the approval of another party on the happening of some pre-decided or contingent event, then, such clause is called an exclusion clause[5]. Normally, the exclusion clause is interpreted against the party who is trying to avail its benefit and thus imposing the burden of proff on the relying party to establish its validity. While analyzing the validity of the clause the courts do consider few factors, such as, bargaining power of the parties, the element of unconscionability, etc,. For instance if an exclusion clause is found to be unjust then as per the Contracts Review Act 1980 (NSW), the court has the power to deny the enforcement of the clause which is made part of the contract.[6] However, it is now important to understand the factors which will make any exclusion clause valid in a contract. Incorporation of an exclusion clause in a contract is not the only tasks that make it valid; however, there are various factors that must be considered. Thus, the validity of an exemption clause in a contact is analyzed herein under. Validly of an exemption clause in contracts Many a times, the contracting parties incorporated an exclusion clause as part of the contract in order to limit or exclude the liabilities of the parties that may arise because of the contractual breach or negligence of the parties. However, such clauses are valid provide they are validly incorporated and interpreted. The same is discussed herein under[7]: The clause must be incorporated validly When the contracts are signed When any exclusion clause is made part of the contract then, the same is presumed to be made part of the contract provided it is incorporated by the parties through signature. It is a settled law and is held in L'Estrange v Graucob[8], that when booth the parties establishes a contract in written form and put their signatures on the same, then, they are bound by the terms of the contract irrespective of the facts whether the terms are read by the parties or not. If an exclusion clause is made part of the contract and is not read by the parties, still, it is binding upon the parties because the document is signed by them. But, if any misrepresentation is made by one of the party while incorporating the clause, then, the clause can be rendered to be ineffective and is held in Curtis v Chemical Cleaning Co[9]. When the contract is not signed When any exclusion clause is made part of the document which is not signed by the parties, then, the clause attain validity provided the party who is relying on the clause must have given reasonable notice to the said effect to the affecting party. The basic essentials are: That the clause must not be made part of any receipt, but, must be incorporated in a document which has the contractual effect, that is, wherein a reasonable person can predict that the document might contain such terms which may be bound upon the parties and is held in Parker v SE Railway Co[10] and Chappleton v Barry UDC[11]. That the relying party must brought the clause in the knowledge of the affecting party before the formation of the contract or at the time of the formation of contract. If the term is incorporated after the contract formation, then, such clause has no validity and is held in Olley v Marlborough Court[12]. When one party is incorporating an exclusion clause in an unsigned contract, then, it is the duty of the relying party that he must make reasonable efforts to bring the clause within the notice of the other party and is held in Thompson v LMS Railway[13]. There is no requirement of any actual notice; the only requirement is give reasonable notice. Many a times, contracts are made amid the parties not in the form of any signed or unsigned documents, but, because of course of dealings, that is, when the parties are in business relations and is complying with the terms with a passage of time and is held in McCutcheon v MacBrayne[14]. There should be present of significant number of past transactions in order to make any action to fall within the preview of course of dealings and is held in Hollier v Rambler Motors[15]. The exclusion clause can also be considered to be binding upon the parties through trade or custom and is held in British Crane Hire v Ipswich Plant Hire[16]. The next element that is required to make any exclusion clause to be validly incorporated in the contract is that the clause must cover the breach. Now, when the courts are settled on the point that the exclusion is made part of the contract, then, the liability of any party can be excluded or can be limited provided that the exclusion clause must have covered the breach that is incurred amid the parties. If the contractual breach occurred but is not covered by the clause then no liability can be excluded. The breach is considered to be covered by the clause is when: The clause is not clear and does not able to define the breach, then, the clause is interpreted against the party who will benefit from the same and is held in Houghton v Trafalgar Insurance Co[17]. If any liability which may arise because of negligence is to be excluded, then it was held in White v John Warwick[18], that the wording of the clause must be very clear; If the exclusion clause is not in compliance with the main contract, then, the clause is considered to be invalid and does not cover the breach and is held in Evans Ltd v Andrea Merzario Ltd[19]. Thus, these are the fundamental factors then can only make any exclusion clause to be validly incorporated in the contract. If the above rules are not comply with then the exclusion clause as part of the contract is considered to be invalid in law. Now, it is important to understand the general factors which must be kept in mind which results in the validity of an exclusion clause. Factors that govern the validity of exclusion clause After understanding all the relevant rules which must be followed to make any exclusion clause valid and in compliance with the contract in which it is incorporated, there are few factors which govern the general validity of an exclusion clause. The same is submitted herein under:[20] Every exclusion clause which is made part of the contract, whether the contract is written or not, signed or unsigned, there is one basic rule which submits that such a clause must be made part of the clause after giving reasonable notice to the affecting party. The reasonable notice must be provided before the formation of the contract. If any notice is provided by the relying party to the affecting party after the formation of the contract, then it has no relevance ad is rightly held in Thornton v Shoe Lane Parking Ltd[21]. The second most important factor that results in making any exclusion clause valid is that such a clause must not be contrary to any law. If the clause is against the provisions of any statue then the clause is in itself is invalid. Also, every exclusion clause if intends to provide any safeguard against any act of negligence then the same is considered to be valid only when the clause clearly specifies the acts of negligence and that the parties intent to exclude the liability which arise because of negligence; Thus, these are some of the governing factors that must be kept in mind before the formation and incorporation of an exclusion clause in the contract. Now, it is important to analyze the effectiveness of the exclusion clause in the Australian Consumer law. Effectiveness of Exclusion clause in Australian Consumer Law The Australian Consumer Law is a law that is established in Australia in order to carry on fair trading and to provide protection to the consumers. On 1st January 2011, the Australian Consumer Law was commenced. The Australian Consumer Law is mainly enforced and administered by the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (Schedule 2)).[22] There are various provisions that are incorporated in the Australian Consumer Law which deals with the validity of the exclusion clauses. The same are submitted herein below[23]: As per section 64A of the Australian Consumer Law, any implied warranties and conditions, and the remedies and the rights which are established under the Australian Consumer Law cannot be excluded at any cost. If any exclusion clause is incorporated which is violation of section 64A will be considered as void. If the term is incorporated by any company then such company can be held liable for prosecution; Every service which is provided to any consumer must be catering with all due care and skill. If any exclusion clause is incorporated which hampers in serving this service is prohibited under section 60 of Australian Consumer Law. Any such clause is considered to be invalid and void; When any goods are supplied to the consumers and such goods are not in compliance with the implied conditions that are mentioned under the Australian Consumer Law, then, the consumer has the right to return the goods and seek refund from the supplier under section 261 of the Australian Consumer Law. Conclusion It is thus concluded that exclusion clause is a very important clause that is normally relied upon by the parties in order to exclude or limit their liabilities. But, any exclusion clause is considered to be valid only when the same is incorporated in the contract with notice, is not illegal and must cover the acts which it intends to exclude. Reference List Coorey, A,Australian Consumer Law 2015, LexisNexis Butterworths. Gillies, P, Business Law 2004, Federation Press. Gibson, A Fraser, D Business Law 2014 2013, Pearson Higher Education AU. McKendrick, E Liu, Q, Contract Law: Australian Edition 2015, Palgrave Macmillan. Latimer, P. Australian Business Law 2012 2012, CCH Australia Limited. British Crane Hire v Ipswich Plant Hire [1974] QB 303. Curtis v Chemical Cleaning Co [1951] 1 KB 805. Chappleton v Barry UDC [1940]. Darlington Futures Ltd v Delco Australia Pty Ltd(1986) 161 CLR 500. Evans Ltd v Andrea Merzario Ltd [1976] 1 WLR 1078. Hollier v Rambler Motors [1972] 2 AB 71. Houghton v Trafalgar Insurance Co (1954). L'Estrange v Graucob [1934] 2 KB 394. McCutcheon v MacBrayne [1964] 1 WLR 125. Olley v Marlborough Court [1949] 1 KB 532. Parker v SE Railway Co (1877) 2 CPD 416. Thompson v LMS Railway [1930] 1 KB 41. Thornton v Shoe Lane Parking Ltd (1971). White v John Warwick [1953] 1 WLR 1285. Dangeloloegal, Validity of exclusion clause in contract law 2017 https://www.dangelolegal.com.au/news/validity-exclusion-clauses-contract-law/. (accessed on 3rd MAy 2017). The law Teacher, Exclusion and limiting clause 2017 https://www.lawteacher.net/lecture-notes/contract-law/exclusion-clauses-lecture.php (accessed on 3rd May 2017). The law hand book, Australian consumer law 2017 https://www.lawhandbook.sa.gov.au/ch10s02s06s01.php (accessed on 3rd May 2017)